| Question 1: Cherenkov light is produced from: |
| Reference: | Glaser AK, Zhang R, Andreozzi JM, Gladstone DJ, Pogue BW. “Cherenkov radiation fluence estimates in tissue for molecular imaging and therapy applications.” Phys Med Biol. 2015 Sep 7;60(17):6701-18. |
| Choice A: | Low velocity protons. |
| Choice B: | Electrons traveling with velocity greater than the speed of light in the medium. |
| Choice C: | All of the above. |
| Question 2: Although Cherenkov light appears blue when seen by eye, the light detected out of tissue is red and near-infrared because of: |
| Reference: | Axelsson J, Glaser AK, Gladstone DJ, Pogue BW. “Quantitative Cherenkov emission spectroscopy for tissue oxygenation assessment.” Opt Express. 2012 Feb 27;20(5):5133-42 |
| Choice A: | Absorption due to blood. |
| Choice B: | Scattering attenuation. |
| Choice C: | Absorption due to water. |
| Choice D: | Absorption and re-emission as fluorescence. |
| Question 3: The relationship between Cherenkov intensity and dose is most linear when: |
| Reference: | Glaser AK, Zhang R, Andreozzi JM, Gladstone DJ, Pogue BW. “Cherenkov radiation fluence estimates in tissue for molecular imaging and therapy applications.” Phys Med Biol. 2015 Sep 7;60(17):6701-18. |
| Choice A: | The beam energy and position in the tissue does not change. |
| Choice B: | When imaging in water. |
| Choice C: | When the beam is diameter is largest. |
| Choice D: | All of the above. |
| Question 4: Radiochromic 3D dosimeters can be read-out in high resolution and 3D using which imaging modality? |
| Reference: | Oldham M, “Methods and Techniques for Comprehensive 3D dosimetry”, Advances in Medical Physics: 2014, Editors Devon J. Godfrey, Shiva K. Das and Anthony B. Wolbarst, ISBN: 9781930524729, Published: 2014 July | 289 pp |
| Choice A: | X-ray CT. |
| Choice B: | Optical-CT. |
| Choice C: | Magnetic resonance imaging. |
| Choice D: | Ultrasound. |
| Question 5: The advantages of Optical-CT 3D dosimetry scanners that utilize a matched pair of telecentric lenses include: |
| Reference: | Andrew Thomas1, Joseph Newton1, John Adamovics2 and Mark Oldham, Commissioning and benchmarking a 3D dosimetry system for clinical use, Med. Phys. 38, 4846 (2011) |
| Choice A: | Improved spatial resolution. |
| Choice B: | Rigorous scatter and stray-light rejection. |
| Choice C: | Greater depth of field. |
| Choice D: | B and C. |
| Question 6: Storage phosphor dosimeters function using the mechanism of ____ |
| Reference: | [Reference: H. Li*, J.P. Driewer, Z. Han, D.A. Low, D. Yang, Z. Xiao. “Two-dimensional reusable, high spatial-resolution dosimeter using europium doped potassium chloride: a feasibility study.” Phys. Med. Biol. 59 1899–1909 2014] |
| Choice A: | Thermoluminescence. |
| Choice B: | Photostimulated luminescence. |
| Choice C: | X-ray luminescence. |
| Choice D: | P-N junction. |
| Question 7: KCl:Eu2+ (europium doped potassium chloride) storage phosphor dosimeter has a luminescence lifetime of ____ , which enables fast 2D high resolution scanning. |
| Reference: | [Reference: J.P. Driewer, H. Chen, A. Osvet, D.A. Low, H. Li. “Radiation hardness of the storage phosphor europium doped potassium chloride for radiation therapy dosimetry.” Med. Phys. 38(8) 4681-4688 2011] |
| Choice A: | 1 µs |
| Choice B: | 1 ms |
| Choice C: | 10 ms |
| Choice D: | 100 ms |
| Question 8: Volumetric scintillation detectors are capable of measuring following proton beam characteristics: |
| Reference: | Beddar S 2015 Real-time volumetric scintillation dosimetry D8th International Conference on 3D Radiation Dosimetry (IC3DDose) Journal of Physics: Conference Series 573 012005 |
| Choice A: | Range. |
| Choice B: | Position. |
| Choice C: | Intensity. |
| Choice D: | All of the above. |
| Question 9: The spatial resolution of a volumetric scintillation detector is dictated by: |
| Reference: | Beddar S, Archambault L, Sahoo N, Poenisch F, Chen G T, Gillin M T and Mohan R 2009 Exploration of the potential of liquid scintillators for real-time 3D dosimetry of intensity modulated proton beams Medical Physics 36 1736 |
| Choice A: | Pixel size of the sCMOS sensor. |
| Choice B: | Binning factor. |
| Choice C: | The point spread function of the lens. |
| Choice D: | All of the above. |
| Question 10: The most dominant optical artefact is: |
| Reference: | Robertson D, Hui C, Archambault L, Mohan R and Beddar S 2014 Optical artefact characterization and correction in volumetric scintillation dosimetry Physics in Medicine and Biology 59 23–42 |
| Choice A: | Blurring of the scintillation light signal. |
| Choice B: | Decreased brightness at image periphery. |
| Choice C: | Radial change in pixel size and location. |
| Choice D: | Hot pixels and streaks on sensor chip. |
