2016 AAPM Annual Meeting
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Session Title: Concepts in Risk-based Assessment (Session 2 of the TG100 Certificate Course series)
Question 1: RPN (Risk Probability Number) is calculated from the product of:
Reference:TG-100 report, Table II. AAPM Website
Choice A:P x N: (Probability of Injury) x (Number of Errors/Yr)
Choice B:F x I: Frequency x Importance
Choice C:O x S x D: Occurrence x Severity x (un-Detectability)
Choice D:S x F: Severity x Frequency
Question 2: The majority of the five highest ranked failure modes in the TG-100 IMRT FMEA example are technical issues, and not decision-related issues which are less quantitative and therefore harder to verify with standard quality assurance methods.
Reference:TG-100 report, Table X, AAPM Website.
Choice A:True
Choice B:False
Question 3: An important advantage of a risk-based approach is that each facility can direct resources most efficaciously towards patient safety and treatment quality as needed.
Reference:The Report of Task Group 100 of the AAPM: Application of Risk Analysis Methods to Radiation Therapy Quality Management. M. Saiful Huq, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and UPMC Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Choice A:True.
Choice B:False.
Question 4: .  Applying TG 100 tools, process definition and FMEA specifically...
Reference:Applying failure mode effects and criticality analysis in radiotherapy: Lessons learned and perspectives of enhancement Radiotherapy and Oncology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 29 January 2010Marta Scorsetti, Chiara Signori, Paola Lattuada, Gaetano Urso, Mario Bignardi, Pierina Navarria, Simona Castiglioni, Pietro Mancosu, Paolo Trucco
Choice A:Improves quality culture in the clinic.
Choice B:Will be difficult due to the increased clinical workload.
Choice C:Will delay implementing new radiotherapy technologies in clinics.
Question 5: What is the most prevalent risk associated with medical imaging with ionizing radiation:
Reference:ICRU Report 54: Medical imaging—the assessment of image quality, ICRU, Maryland, U.S.A. April 1996.
Choice A:Stochastic effects from radiation exposure.
Choice B:Deterministic effects from radiation exposure.
Choice C:Poor image quality leading to indeterminate outcome.
Choice D:Poor image quality leading to a repeat imaging examination.
Question 6: In a medical procedure that involves repeated imaging examination, radiation risk to the individual should be determined based on....
Reference:Aaron Sodickson, MD, PhD, Pieter F. Baeyens, MD, Katherine P. Andriole, PhD, Luciano M. Prevedello, MD, Richard D. Nawfel, MS, Richard Hanson, and Ramin Khorasani, MD, MPH. Recurrent CT, Cumulative Radiation Exposure, and Associated Radiation-induced Cancer Risks from CT of Adults, Radiology 251. April 2009.
Choice A:Risk associated with individual radiation exposure.
Choice B:Cumulative risk associated with the repeated exposures.
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