Program Information
BEST IN PHYSICS (IMAGING): High-Resolution Cone-Beam CT of the Extremities and Cancellous Bone Architecture with a CMOS Detector
Q Cao1*, M Brehler1 , A Sisniega1 , E Marinetto1 , A Zyazin2 , I Peters2 , J Stayman1 , J Yorkston3 , J Siewerdsen1 , W Zbijewski1 , (1) Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA (2) Teledyne DALSA, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, (3) Carestream Health, Inc, Penfield, NY, USA
Presentations
WE-AB-207A-1 (Wednesday, August 3, 2016) 7:30 AM - 9:30 AM Room: 207A
Purpose: Extremity cone-beam CT (CBCT) with an amorphous silicon (aSi) flat-panel detector (FPD) provides low-dose volumetric imaging with high spatial resolution. We investigate the performance of the newer complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) detectors to enhance resolution of extremities CBCT to ~0.1 mm, enabling morphological analysis of trabecular bone. Quantitative in-vivo imaging of bone microarchitecture could present an important advance for osteoporosis and osteoarthritis diagnosis and therapy assessment.
Methods: Cascaded systems models of CMOS- and FPD-based extremities CBCT were implemented. Performance was compared for a range of pixel sizes (0.05-0.4 mm), focal spot sizes (0.3-0.6 FS), and x-ray techniques (0.05-0.8 mAs/projection) using detectability of high-, low-, and all-frequency tasks for a nonprewhitening observer. Test-bench implementation of CMOS-based extremity CBCT involved a Teledyne DALSA Xineos3030HR detector with 0.099 mm pixels and a compact rotating anode x-ray source with 0.3 FS (IMD RTM37). Metrics of bone morphology obtained using CMOS-based CBCT were compared in cadaveric specimens to FPD-based system using a Varian PaxScan4030 (0.194 mm pixels).
Results: Finer pixel size and reduced electronic noise for CMOS (136 e compared to 2000 e for FPD) resulted in ~1.9x increase in detectability for high-frequency tasks and ~1.1x increase for all-frequency tasks. Incorporation of the new x-ray source with reduced focal spot size (0.3 FS vs. 0.5 FS used on current extremities CBCT) improved detectability for CMOS-based CBCT by ~1.7x for high-frequency tasks. Compared to FPD CBCT, the CMOS detector yielded improved agreement with micro-CT in measurements of trabecular thickness (~1.7x reduction in relative error), bone volume (~1.5x reduction), and trabecular spacing (~3.5x reduction).
Conclusion: Imaging performance modelling and experimentation indicate substantial improvements for high-frequency imaging tasks through adoption of the CMOS detector and small FS x-ray source, motivating the use of these components in a new system for quantitative in-vivo imaging of trabecular bone.
Funding Support, Disclosures, and Conflict of Interest: Financial Support: US NIH grant R01EB018896. Qian Cao is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute International Student Research Fellow. Disclosures: W Zbijewski, J Siewerdsen and A Sisniega receive research funding from Carestream Health.
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