Question 1: During prostate cancer treatment of obese men without IGRT could lead to positioning errors of..... |
Reference: | James R. Wong, Zhanrong Gao, et al. “Potential for higher treatment failure in obese patients: correlation of elevated body mass index and increased daily prostate deviations from the radiation beam isocenters in an analysis of 1,465 computed tomographic images”, IJROBP 75(1); 49-55 (2009)
Millender LE, Aubin M. et. al. “Daily electronic portal imaging for morbidly obese men undergoing radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer”, IJROBP 59; 6-10 (2004) |
Choice A: | Greatest in L/R and can be >10mm. |
Choice B: | Greatest in A/P and can be >10mm. |
Choice C: | Greatest in I/S and can be >7mm. |
Choice D: | Equal in all three dimensions and can be >10mm. |
Question 2: Intra- fraction and inter-fraction motion of DIBH and free breathing liver motions were observed to be up to: |
Reference: | Dawson, LA, Brock,KK et. al. “The reproducibility of organ position using active breathing control (ABC) during liver radiotherapy”, IJROBP 51; 1410-21 (2001) Eccles, C, Brock, KK et. al., “Reproducibility of liver position using active breathing coordinator for liver cancer radiotherapy”, IJROBP 64; 751-59 (2006)
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Choice A: | 4.4mm; 2.5 mm; 10mm. |
Choice B: | 2.5 mm; 4.4mm; 40mm. |
Choice C: | 2.5 mm; 2.5mm; 20mm. |
Choice D: | 4.4 mm; 4.4mm; 10mm. |
Question 3: During the treatment of spine metastases, the translational and rotational components of clinically observed set-up errors increased D5 _cord by an average of: |
Reference: | Guckenberger, M, Meyer, J, et al. “ Radiotherapy and Oncology 84; 56-63 (2007)
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Choice A: | 8±4%, and 8±4% |
Choice B: | 10±5%, and 5±3% |
Choice C: | 23±14%, and 3±2% |
Choice D: | 3±2%, and 23±14% |
Question 4: What is the primary difference between 2D-2D registration and 2D-3D registration when using the stereotactic x-ray for IGRT? |
Reference: | G. Li, T. J. Yang, H. Furtado, W. Birkfellner, A. Ballangrud, S. N. Powell, and J. Mechalakos, "Clinical Assessment of 2D/3D Registration Accuracy in 4 Major Anatomic Sites Using On-Board 2D Kilovoltage Images for 6D Patient Setup," Technol Cancer Res Treat 14, 305-314 (2015).
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Choice A: | 2D-3D registration can provide 6 degrees of freedom corrections. |
Choice B: | 2D-3D registration is faster as it can take the full advantage of GPU (graphic processing unit). |
Choice C: | 2D-2D registration can visualize the bony anatomy better so it should be used for SRS. |
Choice D: | They are equally good. |
Question 5: Which of the following is NOT true about CBCT? |
Reference: | L. Chen, C. C. Shaw, C.-j. Lai, M. C. Altunbas, T. Wang, S.-j. Tu, and X. Liu, "Comparison of full-scan and half-scan for cone beam breast CT imaging," Proc. SPIE 6142, 61424M-61427 (2006).
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Choice A: | 3D-3D comparison for image guidance. |
Choice B: | Real-time image acquisition due to the fast reconstruction using FFT. |
Choice C: | Image quality is inferior to diagnostic CT due to scattering. |
Choice D: | Does not always need 360-degree gantry rotation for image acquisition. |
Question 6: Which of the following CAN NOT be setup using an infrared system? |
Reference: | S. L. Meeks, F. J. Bova, T. H. Wagner, J. M. Buatti, W. A. Friedman, and K. D. Foote, "Image localization for frameless stereotactic radiotherapy," International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 46, 1291-1299 (2000).
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Choice A: | Brain SRS with bite block. |
Choice B: | Brain SBRT with open mask. |
Choice C: | Breast. |
Choice D: | Prostate with implanted infrared markers. |