Question 1: Approximately what percentage of adverse drug events is identified through voluntary incident reporting in hospital systems: |
Reference: | Cullen DJ, Bates DW, Small SD, et al. The incident reporting system does not
detect adverse drug events: a problem for quality improvement. The Joint Commission Journal on Quality Improvement. 21(10):541-8, 1995.
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Choice A: | 1% |
Choice B: | 5% |
Choice C: | 50% |
Choice D: | 90% |
Question 2: An example of a trigger event used in the IHI Global Trigger Tool is: |
Reference: | Griffin FA, Resar RK. IHI Global Trigger Tool for Measuring Adverse Events (Second Edition). IHI Innovation Series white paper. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Institute for Healthcare Improvement; 2009. (Available on www.IHI.org) |
Choice A: | Return to surgery. |
Choice B: | Radiation therapy to the wrong site. |
Choice C: | Infection one month after release from hospital. |
Choice D: | Administration of analgesics. |
Question 3: Rules-based algorithms in radiation oncology have been used to identify what type of error in the EMR: |
Reference: | Covington EL, Chen X, Younge KC, et al. Improving treatment plan evaluation with automation. J Appl Clin Med Phys. 17(6):6322-6328, 2016. |
Choice A: | Prescription approval status. |
Choice B: | Prescription appropriateness. |
Choice C: | Scheduling of radiotherapy with chemotherapy. |
Choice D: | Scheduling for follow-up appointments. |
Question 4: Probabilistic machine-learning algorithms in radiation oncology have been used to identify what type of error in the EMR: |
Reference: | Kalet et al. A Bayesian network models for error detection in radiotherapy plans. Phys Med Biol, 60, 2735-2749, 2015. |
Choice A: | Prescription approval status |
Choice B: | Prescription appropriateness |
Choice C: | Scheduling of radiotherapy with chemotherapy |
Choice D: | Scheduling for follow-up appointments |
Question 5: Clinical information for follow-up notes is typically documented in what manner within the EMR: |
Reference: | McNutt TR et al., Practical Data Collection and Extraction for Big Data Applications in Radiotherapy. Med Phys, 2018 Feb 15 [Epub ahead of print] |
Choice A: | Clinical information is documented strictly using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grading system. |
Choice B: | Clinical information is typically documented as free-text in the form of clinical notes. |
Choice C: | Clinical information is codified by a system similar to the ICD-10 used for billing. |
Choice D: | Clinical information is automatically extracted from other medical information systems. |
Question 6: Unstructured documentation can cause all of the following except: |
Reference: | Mayo CS et al. Big data in designing clinical trials: Opportunities and challenges. Front Oncol, 7, 187, 2017. |
Choice A: | Unwanted transcription errors. |
Choice B: | Physician recall bias. |
Choice C: | Increase the difficulty associated with conducting an accurate retrospective chart review. |
Choice D: | Always provide objective data for statistical analysis. |
Question 7: The development of a clinical pathway typically incorporates all of the following except: |
Reference: | Chawla A et al., Care pathways in US healthcare settings: Current successes and limitations, and future challenges. Am J Manag Care, 22, 53-62, 2016. |
Choice A: | Published treatment guidelines. |
Choice B: | Randomized clinical trial results. |
Choice C: | Anecdotal physician experience. |
Choice D: | Highest level of evidence for a given subject. |
Question 8: Human factors engineering involves: |
Reference: | The use of human factors methods to identify and mitigate safety issues in radiation therapy, Alvita J. Chan; Mohammad K Islam; Tara Rosewall; David A. Jaffray; Anthony C. Easty; and Joseph A Cafazzo, Radiotherapy and Oncology, Vol 97, pp 596-600, 2010 |
Choice A: | The study of human social responses to patients and to the healthcare environment. |
Choice B: | The study of human behavior, abilities, and limitations when applied to system design for safe and effective human use. |
Choice C: | The study of human preferences for a well-defined work day with reasonable performance expectations. |
Choice D: | The study of how humans understand and retain knowledge of the engineering sciences. |
Question 9: Consideration of human factors and ergonomics is very important to healthcare system redesign. The phases of a successful process should include the following: |
Reference: | A systematic review of human factors and ergonomics (HFE)-based healthcare system redesign for quality of care and patient safety, Anping Xie; and Pascale Carayon, Ergonomics, Vol 58, Issue 1, pp 33-49, 2015 |
Choice A: | Analysis, Implementation, and Evaluation. |
Choice B: | Analysis, Design, Evaluation, and Discussion. |
Choice C: | Analysis, Design, Implementation, and Evaluation. |
Choice D: | Analysis, Design, Implementation, and Disciplinary action. |
Question 10: “Mistake-proof” mitigation strategies should include all of the following except: |
Reference: | Mistake proofing: Changing designs to reduce error, J R Grout, Qual. Saf. Health Care, Vol 15, pp i44-i49, 2006 |
Choice A: | Mistake prevention and detection. |
Choice B: | Work environments that prevent errors. |
Choice C: | Designing the process to fail safely. |
Choice D: | A well-publicized discipline policy for mistakes. |