| Question 1: Which of the following are LEAST LIKELY to be considered characteristics of an effective incident reporting and learning system: |
| Reference: | World Health Organization Draft Guidelines for Adverse Event Reporting and Learning Systems. WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerlan. 2005. |
| Choice A: | Disciplinary action and Performance Review. |
| Choice B: | Confidential |
| Choice C: | Independent |
| Choice D: | Expert Analysis |
| Choice E: | Systems oriented |
| Choice F: | Responsive |
| Question 2: Incidence reporting system analytics can provide quality metrics for radiotherapy processes improving quality management. |
| Reference: | - Yang F, Cao N, Young L, Howard J, Logan W, Arbuckle T, Sponseller P, Korssjoen T, Meyer J, Ford E. Med Phys. 2015 Jun;42(6):2777-85. doi: 10.1118/1.4919440. |
| Choice A: | True. |
| Choice B: | False. |
| Question 3: The most significant type of error that is also difficult to expose in a clinical Radiation Oncology practice as determined by incidence learning are: |
| Reference: | Common error pathways seen in the RO-ILS data that demonstrate opportunities for improving treatment safety :Gary Ezzell PhD , Bhisham Chera MD, Adam Dicker MD, PhD, Eric Ford PhD , Louis Potters MD, Lakshmi Santanam PhD , Sheri Weintraub MS; Practical Radiation Oncology (2018) 8, 123-132 |
| Choice A: | Manual processes such as shift calculations or data transcription that are done incorrectly. |
| Choice B: | Failures of the image guidance system causing incorrect localization. |
| Choice C: | Physician incorrectly defining targets or prescribing incorrect dose-fraction values. |
| Choice D: | Image fusion errors. |
| Question 4: An effective Incident Learning System improves patient safety by: |
| Reference: | Patient safety is improved with an incident learning system—Clinical
evidence in brachytherapy: Christopher L. Deufel, Luke B. McLemore, Luis E. Fong de los Santos, Kelly L. Classic, Sean S. Park, Keith M. Furutani, Radiotherapy and Oncology 125 (2017) 94–100
Mutic S, Brame RS, Oddiraju S, et al. Event (error and near-miss) reporting and learning system for process improvement in radiation oncology. Medical physics. 2010;37(9):5027-5036.
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| Choice A: | Recording near misses and creating awareness and process improvement. |
| Choice B: | Being easy for any staff member to report in a non-punitive manner. |
| Choice C: | Cannot be successful if only errors that cause patient harm are addressed. |
| Choice D: | All of the above. |
| Question 5: Reasons to participate in a national radiotherapy incident reporting system run by a PSO include which of the following? |
| Reference: | Patient Safety Act of 2005 |
| Choice A: | Protection from legal discovery of information exclusively shared with a PSO. |
| Choice B: | Protection from being fired by a facility after reporting an incident. |
| Choice C: | Protection from being sued for malpractice if the incident is reported. |
| Choice D: | Protection from news services reporting on an event. |
| Choice E: | All of the above. |
| Question 6: Which is a problem that limits learning from incident reports in most databases? |
| Reference: | Richardson S, Thomadsen B. Limitations in learning: How treatment verifications fail and what to do about it? Brachytherapy 17: 7-15; 2018. |
| Choice A: | Access to the reports may be prohibited. |
| Choice B: | The reports are often hard to understand and have information missing. |
| Choice C: | The analyses are performed by persons with little experience in event analysis. |
| Choice D: | All of the above. |
