| Question 1: Immunotherapy, which uses the body's immune system to fight cancer, includes which categories of therapeutics? |
| Reference: | https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/how-cancer-treated/immunotherapy-and-vaccines/understanding-immunotherapy |
| Choice A: | Monoclonal antibodies |
| Choice B: | Oncolytic virus therapy |
| Choice C: | T-cell therapy |
| Choice D: | Cancer vaccines |
| Choice E: | All of the above |
| Question 2: IGRT refers to imaging in the treatment room intended to increase the agreement between the planned and delivered dose by primarily correcting for which component of uncertainty? |
| Reference: | Bujold A1, Craig T, Jaffray D, Dawson LA. Image-guided radiotherapy: has it influenced patient outcomes? Semin Radiat Oncol. 2012 Jan;22(1):50-61. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semradonc.2011.09.001 |
| Choice A: | Organ deformation |
| Choice B: | Respiratory motion |
| Choice C: | Geometric variability |
| Choice D: | Weight loss changes |
| Question 3: The effectiveness of SBRT to control oligometastases increases with dose. |
| Reference: | Salama JK, Hasselle MD, Chmura SJ, Malik R, Mehta N, Yenice KM, Villaflor VM, Stadler WM, Hoffman PC, Cohen EE, Connell PP, Haraf DJ, Vokes EE, Hellman S, Weichselbaum RR. "Stereotactic body radiotherapy for multisite extracranial oligometastases: final report of a dose escalation trial in patients with 1 to 5 sites of metastatic disease," Cancer. 2012 Jun 1;118(11):2962-70. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.26611
McCammon R1, Schefter TE, Gaspar LE, Zaemisch R, Gravdahl D, Kavanagh B. "Observation of a dose-control relationship for lung and liver tumors after stereotactic body radiation therapy." Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009 Jan 1;73(1):112-8. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.03.062 |
| Choice A: | True |
| Choice B: | False |
| Question 4: How does a larger tumor burden affect T-cell function? |
| Reference: | Huang et al, "T-cell invigoration to tumour burden ratio associated with anti-PD-1 response." Nature. 2017 May 4;545(7652):60-65. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature22079 |
| Choice A: | Tumor phenotype becomes too heterogeneous for T-cells |
| Choice B: | By exhausting T-cells that mount a response |
| Choice C: | Because T-cell proliferation rate increases |
| Question 5: What are the major pathways shown to be induced by SBRT in human tumors? |
| Reference: | Luke et al, "Safety and Clinical Activity of Pembrolizumab and Multisite Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors," JCO 36(16):1611-1622, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2017.76.2229
Bhave et al, "Longâ€term clinical outcomes and transcriptional analysis following partial and complete tumor SBRT plus pembrolizumab," J Clin Oncol 37, 2019 (suppl 8; abstr 34)
https://meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/170428/abstract |
| Choice A: | Type-1 interferon |
| Choice B: | Immune function |
| Choice C: | DNA repair |
| Choice D: | All of the above |
| Question 6: Which tumors are most likely to respond to immunotherapy? |
| Reference: | Hellmann et al, "Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab in Lung Cancer with a High Tumor Mutational Burden," https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMoa1801946
Joseph et al, "Baseline Tumor Size Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Overall Survival in Patients wit |
| Choice A: | Tumors with small volumes |
| Choice B: | Tumors that are PDLâ€1 positive |
| Choice C: | Tumor with high mutational burden |
| Choice D: | None of the above |
| Choice E: | All of the above |
