| Question 1: Spatial resolution in SPECT is: |
| Reference: | Reference : Cherry, S. R., Sorenson, J. A., & Phelps, M. E. (2012). Physics in nuclear medicine e-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. |
| Choice A: | Dependent upon the emission energy |
| Choice B: | Dependent upon the position within the FOV and the radius of camera orbit |
| Choice C: | Dependent upon the reconstruction parameters |
| Choice D: | All of the above |
| Question 2: In the context of quantitative radiation dosimetry the “Partial Volume Effect” in SPECT: |
| Reference: | Ryu, HyunJu, Steven R. Meikle, Kathy P. Willowson, Enid M. Eslick, and Dale L. Bailey. "Performance evaluation of quantitative SPECT/CT using NEMA NU 2 PET methodology." Physics in Medicine & Biology 64, no. 14 (2019): 145017. |
| Choice A: | Has no impact on calculation of radiation absorbed dose |
| Choice B: | Is a significant factor in quantitating radiation absorbed dose in small objects (< 3cm) |
| Choice C: | Is a significant factor in quantitating radiation absorbed dose in large objects (> 5cm) |
| Choice D: | Is important in SPECT imaging, but not in PET imaging |
| Question 3: To determine the optimal administered treatment dosage for a therapeutic radiopharmaceutical it is critical that you use imaging to: |
| Reference: | As described by the presenter in the presentation “Quantitative SPECT and PET in Absorbed Dose Calculations for Radionuclide Therapy”. |
| Choice A: | Measure/calculate the absorbed dose to critical organs only. |
| Choice B: | Measure/calculate the absorbed dose in the tumors only |
| Choice C: | Measure the absorbed dose to the critical organs for safety and the absorbed dose to the tumors for expected efficacy. |
| Choice D: | Use PET exclusively for dosimetric calculations, because only PET is quantitative. |
| Question 4: It is possible to use the pre-treatment 68Ga-PET/CT imaging study to calculate the received dose to tumors and organs at risk for patients treated with 177Lu based therapies |
| Reference: | Hope, T. A., Abbott, A., Colucci, K., Bushnell, D. L., Gardner, L., Graham, W. S., ... & Strosberg, J. R. (2019). NANETS/SNMMI Procedure Standard for Somatostatin Receptor–Based Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy with 177Lu-DOTATATE. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 60(7), 937-943. |
| Choice A: | True |
| Choice B: | False |
| Question 5: When reporting absorbed doses from radionuclide therapies to tumors, it is standard to report: |
| Reference: | As discussed by the speaker in “Calculating and Reporting Absorbed Dose from Radionuclide Therapies” |
| Choice A: | Mean absorbed dose |
| Choice B: | Maximum absorbed dose |
| Choice C: | Near minimum (D98) absorbed dose |
| Choice D: | There currently isn’t a consensus on how to report absorbed doses to tumors |
| Question 6: Which of the following dose calculation methods can be used to calculate the received doses to tumors and organs at risk in radionuclide therapies? |
| Reference: | Jackson, P. A., Beauregard, J. M., Hofman, M. S., Kron, T., Hogg, A., & Hicks, R. J. (2013). An automated voxelized dosimetry tool for radionuclide therapy based on serial quantitative SPECT/CT imaging. Medical physics, 40(11), 112503. |
| Choice A: | Local Energy Deposition |
| Choice B: | Monte Carlo calculations |
| Choice C: | Dose Point Kernel Convolution |
| Choice D: | All of the above |
| Question 7: Y-90 radioembolization dosimetry should be based on 3D imaging because: |
| Reference: | Roncali, E., Taebi, A., Foster, C., & Vu, C. T. (2020). Personalized Dosimetry for Liver Cancer Y-90 Radioembolization Using Computational Fluid Dynamics and Monte Carlo Simulation. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 1-12. |
| Choice A: | The MIRD model uses imaging |
| Choice B: | The 90Y distribution in the liver is highly heterogeneous |
| Choice C: | The manufacturers recommend it |
| Question 8: Personalizing the treatment planning of Y-90 radioembolization can: |
| Reference: | Roncali, E., Taebi, A., Foster, C., & Vu, C. T. (2020). Personalized Dosimetry for Liver Cancer Y-90 Radioembolization Using Computational Fluid Dynamics and Monte Carlo Simulation. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 1-12. |
| Choice A: | Increase the absorbed dose to tumor |
| Choice B: | Speed up the procedure |
| Choice C: | Decrease the cost of treatment |
| Choice D: | Eliminate the need for a 3-month follow up |
| Question 9: Alpha-emitter targeted radionuclide therapy is being investigated as a combination therapy with CAR T-cells |
| Reference: | Gill MR, Falzone N, Du Y, Vallis KA. Targeted radionuclide therapy in combined-modality regimens. Lancet Oncol [Internet]. Elsevier Ltd; 2017;18:e414–23. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30379-0 |
| Choice A: | True |
| Choice B: | False |
| Question 10: Which of the following can be optimized with mathematical models in targeted radionuclide therapy in combination with immunotherapy? |
| Reference: | Karimian A, Ji NT, Song H, Sgouros G. Mathematical modeling of preclinical alpha-emitter radiopharmaceutical therapy. Cancer Res. 2020;80(4):868–76. |
| Choice A: | Radionuclide dose |
| Choice B: | Timing of radionuclide relative to immuno-therapy |
| Choice C: | Sequence of radionuclide and immune-therapy |
| Choice D: | All of the above |
