| Question 1: In published studies involving screening mammography (e.g. Burnside AJR, 2005), batch reading is associated with: |
| Reference: | Burnside ES, Park JM, Fine JP, Sisney GA. “The use of batch reading to improve the performance of screening mammography,” American Journal of Roentgenology, Vol. 185(3):790-6. |
| Choice A: | Increased recall rates and decreased detection rates |
| Choice B: | Increased recall rates and increased detection rates |
| Choice C: | Decreased recall rates and decreased detection rates |
| Choice D: | Decreased recall rates and increased detection rates |
| Question 2: Which of the following would not be considered a perceptual mechanism for sequential effects reading images: |
| Reference: | Samei, E. and E. A. Krupinski (2010). The handbook of medical image perception and techniques. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. |
| Choice A: | Gist |
| Choice B: | Adaptation |
| Choice C: | Expertise |
| Choice D: | Eye-movements |
| Question 3: What did the CO-OPS reading order trial in the UK find about radiologists accuracy with time on task: |
| Reference: | Taylor-Phillips S, Wallis MG, Jenkinson D, Adekanmbi V, Parsons H, Dunn J, Stallard N, Szczepura A, Gates S, Kearins O, and Duncan A. “Effect of using the same vs different order for second readings of screening mammograms on rates of breast cancer detection: a randomized clinical trial,” JAMA 315(18):1956-65, 2016. |
| Choice A: | Positive predictive value decreases |
| Choice B: | Positive predictive value increases |
| Choice C: | Positive predictive value stays constant |
| Question 4: In the CO-OPS trail in the UK, what effect did changing case order have on overall accuracy: |
| Reference: | Taylor-Phillips S, Wallis MG, Jenkinson D, Adekanmbi V, Parsons H, Dunn J, Stallard N, Szczepura A, Gates S, Kearins O, and Duncan A. “Effect of using the same vs different order for second readings of screening mammograms on rates of breast cancer detection: a randomized clinical trial,” JAMA 315(18):1956-65, 2016. |
| Choice A: | Sensitivity improved |
| Choice B: | Specificity improved |
| Choice C: | Both sensitivity and specificity improved |
| Choice D: | No effect |
| Question 5: Which of the following can be an aftereffect of visual adaptation? |
| Reference: | 1. Clifford, C. W., Webster, M. A., Stanley, G. B., Stocker, A. A., Kohn, A., Sharpee, T. O., & Schwartz, O. (2007). “Visual adaptation: Neural, psychological and computational aspects.” Vision Research, 47(25), 3125-3131.
2. Webster, M. A. (2015). “Visual adaptation.” Annual Review of Vision Science, 1, 547-567. |
| Choice A: | Changes in the ability to detect image features |
| Choice B: | Changes in the apparent contrast of images |
| Choice C: | Changes in the perceived shapes or textures in images |
| Choice D: | All of the above |
| Question 6: How does adapting to a mammogram image typically cause subsequent images to appear? |
| Reference: | 1. Kompaniez, E., Abbey, C. K., Boone, J. M., & Webster, M. A. (2013). “Adaptation aftereffects in the perception of radiological images.” PloS One, 8(10).
2. Kompaniez-Dunigan, E., Abbey, C. K., Boone, J. M., & Webster, M. A. (2015). “Adaptation and visual search in mammographic images.” Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 77(4), 1081- 1087.
3. Kompaniez-Dunigan, E., Abbey, C. K., Boone, J. M., & Webster, M. A. (2018). “Visual adaptation and the amplitude spectra of radiological images.” Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 3(1), 1-12. |
| Choice A: | More like the adapting image. |
| Choice B: | Less like the adapting image. |
| Choice C: | Unchanged – adaptation only affects the specific image you are adapted to. |
