| Question 1: In a conventional PET scanner, when acquiring a scan of the whole body over multiple bed positions, what fraction of the radioactive decay events are typically detected? |
| Reference: | Cherry SR, Jones T, Karp JS, Qi J, Moses WW, Badawi RD. State of the Art Review. Total-body PET: maximizing sensitivity to create new opportunities for clinical research and patient care. J Nucl Med 2018; 59: 3-12. |
| Choice A: | more than 10% |
| Choice B: | 5-10% |
| Choice C: | 1-5% |
| Choice D: | less than 1% |
| Question 2: Total-Body PET increases sensitivity relative to conventional PET scanners by: |
| Reference: | Cherry SR, Jones T, Karp JS, Qi J, Moses WW, Badawi RD. State of the Art Review. Total-body PET: maximizing sensitivity to create new opportunities for clinical research and patient care. J Nucl Med 2018; 59: 3-12. |
| Choice A: | Increasing the axial length of the scanner |
| Choice B: | Increasing the solid angle coverage of the scanner |
| Choice C: | Increasing both the axial length and solid angle coverage of the scanner |
| Choice D: | Reducing the detector size |
| Question 3: Which of the following studies can only be done on a total-body PET scanner and not on a regular PET scanner? |
| Reference: | Cherry SR, Badawi RD, Karp JS, Moses WW, Price P, Jones T. Total-body imaging: Transforming the role of positron emission tomography. Science Translational Med 2017; 9: eaaf6169. |
| Choice A: | Dynamic imaging of a radiotracer in every organ of the body simultaneously |
| Choice B: | Whole-body imaging of the static distribution of a radiotracer |
| Choice C: | Fast dynamic imaging of the brain |
| Choice D: | Imaging of short-lived radionuclides such as oxygen-15 |
| Choice E: | All of the above |
| Question 4: What is the primary advantage of increasing the axial field-of-view of a TB-PET scanner from 1 to 2 meters? |
| Reference: | Cherry et al. Total-Body PET: Maximizing Sensitivity to create new opportunities for Clinical Research and Patient Care. J Nucl Med ;59(1):3-12; Jan 2018. |
| Choice A: | The sensitivity is more uniform for a majority of the organs in the body |
| Choice B: | The spatial resolution is better |
| Choice C: | The quantitative accuracy is improved due to the large axial acceptance of coincident gammas |
| Choice D: | It does not require a CT scan for attenuation correction |
| Question 5: Which of the following are advantages of time-of-flight (TOF) in TB-PET scanners? |
| Reference: | Vandenberghe et al. Time-of-flight PET: a review of different benefits and recent developments in time-of-flight PET. Euro J Nucl Med, 3: Dec 2015. |
| Choice A: | TOF enables dynamic data acquisition to measure kinetic uptake of radio-tracer |
| Choice B: | TOF improves the spatial resolution |
| Choice C: | TOF enables the axial field-of-view to be extended beyond the length of current state-of-the-art clinical PET-CT scanners |
| Choice D: | TOF improves the signal-to-noise in the reconstructed image |
| Question 6: Which of the following can lead to a more cost-effective TB-PET scanner? |
| Reference: | Surti et al. Total Body PET: Why, How, What for? IEEE Trans Rad Plasma Medical Sciences, May 2020, pg 283-292. |
| Choice A: | Use of BGO detector without TOF capability |
| Choice B: | Reduced axial length below 2 meters |
| Choice C: | Use of conventional vacuum-tube photo-multipliers instead of silicon photo-multipliers as a light sensor |
| Choice D: | All of the above |
| Question 7: What are the projected clinical research applications of Total Body PET in oncology? |
| Reference: | Patricia M Price, Ramsey D Badawi, Simon R Cherry, Terry Jones. Ultra-Staging to Unmask the Prescribing of Adjuvant Therapy in Cancer Patients: The Future Opportunity to Image Micrometastases Using Total-Body F-18-FDG PET Scanning. J Nucl Med. 2014 Apr; 55(4): 696–697 |
| Choice A: | To study the treatment of brain cancers |
| Choice B: | To study the treatment of lung cancer |
| Choice C: | To improve the staging of cancer patients through the detection of lower levels of systemic disease |
| Choice D: | To study the treatment of pancreatic cancer |
| Question 8: What are the projected clinical research applications of Total Body PET in infectious viral diseases? |
| Reference: | Pandit-Taskar N, Postow MA, Hellmann MD et al. First-in-Humans Imaging with 89Zr-Df-IAB22M2C Anti-CD8 Minibody in Patients with Solid Malignancies: Preliminary Pharmacokinetics, Biodistribution, and Lesion Targeting. J Nucl Med. 2020 Apr;61(4):512-519 |
| Choice A: | To study inflammation in the lung of viral pneumonia using 18FDG |
| Choice B: | To use biomarkers of immune cells to study their reaction to the virus throughout the body |
| Choice C: | To study the cognitive effects shown in some viral infected patients using imaging biomarkers of brain function |
| Choice D: | To study regional heart muscle metabolism or blood flow in viral infected patients with cardiac symptoms |
| Question 9: What are the projected clinical research applications of brain : body studies of Total Body PET? |
| Reference: | Georgina Russell and Stafford Lightman. The human stress response Nature Reviews EndoCrinology Review volume 15 | SEPTEMBER 2019 | 525-533 |
| Choice A: | To use the sensitivity of Total Body PET to achieve higher spatial resolution in the brain |
| Choice B: | To use the sensitivity of Total Body PET to achieve higher spatial resolution in the heart |
| Choice C: | To use the sensitivity of Total Body PET to image the low synaptic concentrations in the body’s peripheral organs |
| Choice D: | To study the interactions of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal system in depression and anxiety |
| Question 10: Which areas of healthcare is Total Body PET likely to make the most initial impact? |
| Reference: | Patricia M Price, Ramsey D Badawi, Simon R Cherry, Terry Jones. Ultra-Staging to Unmask the Prescribing of Adjuvant Therapy in Cancer Patients: The Future Opportunity to Image Micrometastases Using Total-Body F-18-FDG PET Scanning. J Nucl Med. 2014 Apr; 55(4): 696–697 |
| Choice A: | To improve the detection of brain tumours |
| Choice B: | To provide improved staging of cancer patients using current imaging biomarkers |
| Choice C: | To improve cardiac stress testing |
| Choice D: | To improve the detection of pulmonary embolism |
