Question 1: Lee et al’s study of T1 relaxation time measurement in volunteers performed in two different vendor systems found: |
Reference: | Lee Y, Callaghan MF, Acost-Cabronero J, Lutti A, and Nagy Z, Establishing intra- and inter-vendor reproducibility of T1 relaxation time measurements with 3T MRI. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 81:454-465 (2019). |
Choice A: | no difference between the two vendor systems. |
Choice B: | no change after software update. |
Choice C: | a bias between vendor systems. |
Choice D: | a bias between vendor systems and a greater bias with a software |
Question 2: A quantitative MRI quality assurance program: |
Reference: | Friedman L and Glover GH, Report on a Multicenter fMRI Quality Assurance Protocol. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 23:827-839 (2006). |
Choice A: | is not necessary. |
Choice B: | can detect hardware problems that otherwise go undetected. |
Choice C: | can be completed annually with the ACR phantom quality assurance. |
Question 3: Which of the following can be an error source which impacts the accuracy of qMRI? |
Reference: | Trzasko JD, Mostardi PM, Riederer SJ, Manduca A. Estimating T1 from multichannel variable flip angle SPGR sequences. Magn Reson Med. 2013;69(6):1787‐1794. |
Choice A: | Noise model |
Choice B: | Signal model |
Choice C: | Numerical fitting strategy |
Choice D: | All of the above |
Question 4: Noise in a DICOM MR image is statistically distributed as: |
Reference: | Aja-Fernández, Santiago, and Gonzalo Vegas-Sánchez-Ferrero. "Statistical analysis of noise in MRI." Switzerland: Springer International Publishing (2016). |
Choice A: | Gaussian |
Choice B: | Rician |
Choice C: | The specific distribution varies and depends on many factors |
Choice D: | Not relevant to qMRI |
Question 5: Of the MRI technique listed below, which one is most specific to brain tissue myelin content? |
Reference: | Heath F, Hurley SA, Johansen-Berg H, Sampaio-Baptista C. Advances in noninvasive myelin imaging. Developmental Neurobiology 2018; 78(2): 136-151. |
Choice A: | T1 relaxometry |
Choice B: | myelin water imaging |
Choice C: | T2* relaxometry |
Choice D: | T1-weighted/T2-weighted signal ratio |
Question 6: Which of the following are challenges associated with cortical myelin mapping? |
Reference: | Waehnert MD, Dinse J, Schafer A, Geyer S, Bazin PL, Turner R, Tardif CL. A subject-specific framework for in vivo myeloarchitectonic analysis. NeuroImage 2016; 125: 94-107. |
Choice A: | lower myelin content in they grey matter in comparison to the white matter |
Choice B: | thin and convoluted shape of the cortex |
Choice C: | B1 field non-uniformity |
Choice D: | all of the above |