| Question 1: Target registration error (TRE) is defined as the: |
| Reference: | J. M. Fitzpatrick, J. B. West and C. R. Maurer, "Predicting error in rigid-body point-based registration," in IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 694-702, Oct. 1998, doi: 10.1109/42.736021 |
| Choice A: | Average residual error between the identified points on Study B and the points identified on Study A, mapped onto Study A’ through image registration |
| Choice B: | Improvement in accuracy when using deformable registration over rigid registration |
| Choice C: | Volume overlap of two contours on registered images |
| Choice D: | Mean surface distance between two contours on registered images |
| Question 2: AAPM TG-132 recommends that registration errors larger than 1-2 voxels should be |
| Reference: | Brock, K.K., Mutic, S., McNutt, T.R., Li, H. and Kessler, M.L. (2017), Use of image registration and fusion algorithms and techniques in radiotherapy: Report of the AAPM Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group No. 132. Med. Phys., 44: e43-e76, doi: 10.1002/mp.12256 |
| Choice A: | The reason for eliminating the use of image registration |
| Choice B: | Ignored, errors in registration are irrelevant |
| Choice C: | Corrected manually by adjusting the vector field |
| Choice D: | Incorporated into the treatment protocols (into the uncertainty margins) |
| Question 3: The "5 Gauss" line is important as it defines the |
| Reference: | “Testing and Labeling Medical Devices for Safety in the Magnetic Resonance (MR) Environment - Draft Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff”, Food & Drug Administration, August 2, 2019 (accessed 3/26/2021). |
| Choice A: | Boundary at which RF heating may occur in devices or personnel |
| Choice B: | Boundary at which magnetic forces and torques become significant |
| Choice C: | Boundary at which magnetic forces may interfere with medical device operation |
| Choice D: | Boundary at which personnel need to keep any ferromagnetic materials away from |
| Question 4: All of the below are means to decrease radiofrequency heating of a medical implant except: |
| Reference: | “The Physics of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Safety”; Stafford RJ, Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2020 Nov;28(4):517-536. doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2020.08.002. |
| Choice A: | Limiting the maximum SAR delivered to the patient |
| Choice B: | Limiting the gradient performance (amplitude and slew rate) of the system |
| Choice C: | Limiting the B1+rms of the pulse sequences used |
| Choice D: | Limiting the exposure of the implant via limiting active scan time |
| Question 5: Use of immobilization devices can increase the distance between the patient and receiving RF coils. Which of the following is impacted as a result? |
| Reference: | Paulson ES, Erickson B et al. Comprehensive MRI simulation methodology using a dedicated MRI scanner in radiation oncology for external beam radiation treatment planning. Med Phys 2015 Jan;42(1):28-39 |
| Choice A: | It decreases image signal to noise ratio |
| Choice B: | It increases image signal to noise ratio |
| Choice C: | It reduces geometric distortion |
| Choice D: | It increases geometric distortion |
| Question 6: In comparison to a 1.5T MR scanner, a 3.0T scanner provide |
| Reference: | Wood R, BassettK, Foerster V, Spry C and Tong L, 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanners compared with 3.0 T Magnetic resonance imaging scanners: systematic review of clinical effectiveness, 2001 |
| Choice A: | Reduced magnetic susceptibility |
| Choice B: | Standing wave artifacts |
| Choice C: | Increased scan time |
| Choice D: | Reduced heating potential |
