| Question 1: The DICOM GSDF specifies the how a color display system should display color (non-gray) regions of an image. |
| Reference: | DICOM P3.14, 2021a, Section 1. http://dicom.nema.org/medical/dicom/current/output/chtml/part14/chapter_1.html |
| Choice A: | True |
| Choice B: | False |
| Question 2: According to AAPM Report 270, what is the recommended white point for a display system? |
| Reference: | AAPM Report 270, Section 2.4.4.1, Page 32. |
| Choice A: | 7500 K |
| Choice B: | 6500 K |
| Choice C: | D65 |
| Choice D: | D50 |
| Question 3: For what types of dental images should CBCT NOT be used? |
| Reference: | NCRP (2019). National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement. Radiation Protection in Dentistry and Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging, NCRP Report No 177. (National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Bethesda, Maryland.) |
| Choice A: | Simulated bitewing images |
| Choice B: | Panoramic images |
| Choice C: | Cephalometric images |
| Choice D: | All of the above |
| Question 4: What is the qualified expert responsible for when supporting dental X-ray equipment? |
| Reference: | Reference: NCRP (2019). National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurement. Radiation Protection in Dentistry and Oral & Maxillofacial Imaging, NCRP Report No 177. (National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Bethesda, Maryland.) |
| Choice A: | Layout, shielding design, and verification |
| Choice B: | Implementation of a QC program |
| Choice C: | Radiation protection survey and equipment performance evaluation (EPE) |
| Choice D: | EPEs at regular intervals |
| Choice E: | All of the above |
| Question 5: What type of images is n O-arm system able to acquire and reconstruct? |
| Reference: | Zhang, J., Weir, V., Fajardo, L., Lin, J., Hsiung, H., & Ritenour, E. R. (2009). Dosimetric characterization of a cone-beam O-armTM imaging system. Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology, 17(4), 305–317. https://doi.org/10.3233/XST-2009-0231 |
| Choice A: | Fluoroscopy |
| Choice B: | Mammography |
| Choice C: | Computed Tomography |
| Choice D: | A & B |
| Choice E: | A & C |
| Question 6: What is characteristic of Computed Tomography (CT) images acquired and reconstructed on an O-Arm, compared with CT images and reconstructed on a C-arm Angiography system? |
| Reference: | Siewerdsen, J. H., Uneri, A., Hernandez, A. M., Burkett, G. W., Boone, J. M., & O-arm, M. (n.d.). Cone-beam CT dose and imaging performance evaluation with a modular , multipurpose phantom. https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.13952 |
| Choice A: | Reduced cupping artifact |
| Choice B: | Lower MTF |
| Choice C: | Higher MTF |
| Choice D: | More dose anisotropy |
| Question 7: Ultrasound scanner displays with DICOM Grayscale Display Function make it easier to accomplish which of the following goals in networked displays? |
| Reference: | AAPM Task Group 270, “Display Quality Assurance”, Chapter 2, 2019. |
| Choice A: | Consistent presentation of images |
| Choice B: | Maximum contrast response |
| Choice C: | Maintaining the same brightness |
| Choice D: | Minimizing ambient light |
| Question 8: What ultrasound imaging technique is the most likely cause for a simple breast cyst to show NO posterior acoustic enhancement? |
| Reference: | Bianca Carpentier, Jessica Hayward, Lori Strachowski, “Enhancing Your Acoustics: Ultrasound Image Optimization of Breast Lesions”, Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 2017; 36:1479 – 1485. |
| Choice A: | Time gain compensation |
| Choice B: | Spatial compounding |
| Choice C: | Harmonic imaging |
| Choice D: | Multiple focal zones |
| Question 9: Where is the maximum Air Kerma Rate (AKR) measured for a fluoroscopy system that is classified as a C-arm fluoroscope? |
| Reference: | 21CFR 1020.32(d)(3)
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?FR=1020.32 |
| Choice A: | 1cm above the tabletop |
| Choice B: | 1cm below the tabletop |
| Choice C: | 30cm from the image detector |
| Choice D: | 30cm from the X-ray source |
| Question 10: At what percent confidence level is the Least Significant Change is typically determined? |
| Reference: | International Society for Clinical Dosimetry. https://iscd.org/learn/official-positions/adult-positions/ |
| Choice A: | 100% |
| Choice B: | 99% |
| Choice C: | 95% |
| Choice D: | 90% |
