| Question 1: The Contrast Enhanced Mammography Imaging Screening Trial (CMIST) is designed to do what? |
| Reference: | CMIST | American College of Radiology (acr.org) |
| Choice A: | Determine cancer detection rate on CEM in high-risk women |
| Choice B: | Compare performance of CEM to the combination of tomosynthesis and whole breast ultrasound |
| Choice C: | Evaluate CEM performance in women with a history of breast cancer |
| Choice D: | Identify causes of false positives in screening CEM exams |
| Question 2: Radiomics analysis for CEM includes evaluation of: |
| Reference: | 1) Marino MA, Leithner D, Sung J, Avendano D, Morris EA, Pinker K, Jochelson MS. Radiomics for Tumor Characterization in Breast Cancer Patients: A Feasibility Study Comparing Contrast-Enhanced Mammography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Diagnostics (Basel). 2020 Jul 18;10(7):492.
2) Marino MA, Pinker K, Leithner D, Sung J, Avendano D, Morris EA, Jochelson M. Contrast-Enhanced Mammography and Radiomics Analysis for Noninvasive Breast Cancer Characterization: Initial Results. Mol Imaging Biol. 2020 Jun;22(3):780-787.
3) Patel BK, Ranjbar S, Wu T, Pockaj BA, Li J, Zhang N, Lobbes M, Zhang B, Mitchell JR. Computer-aided diagnosis of contrast-enhanced spectral mammography: A feasibility study. Eur J Radiol. 2018 Jan;98:207-213. |
| Choice A: | Hormone receptor status |
| Choice B: | DCIS |
| Choice C: | Tumor size |
| Choice D: | Nuclear pleomorphism |
| Question 3: To determine the 3D position of a target on a stereotactic guided breast biopsy unit, +/-15-degree projections are acquired and the 2D coordinates, (x, y) of the target on the projections are (53, 57) and (53, 101) respectively. What is the depth (z) of the target? |
| Reference: | The Essential Physics of Medical Imaging (Chapter 8), Bushberg J. T. et al., 2012. |
| Choice A: | 82.1 |
| Choice B: | 164.2 |
| Choice C: | 38.1 |
| Choice D: | 76.2 |
| Question 4: What is/are the main limitation(s) of the current practice to evaluate the localization accuracy of a breast biopsy units? |
| Reference: | Development of a novel framework to evaluate the localization accuracy of tomosynthesis-guided breast biopsy units. Nosrati R, et al., Medical Physics, 2021;48(3):1299-1306. |
| Choice A: | Lack of a quantitative metric for error analysis |
| Choice B: | Inability to compare localization uncertainties between different units |
| Choice C: | Inability for error trend analysis and system failure prediction |
| Choice D: | All of the above |
| Question 5: What are the required input parameters (direct measurements from images) to calculate different error metrics in the proposed localization accuracy test? |
| Reference: | Development of a novel framework to evaluate the localization accuracy of tomosynthesis-guided breast biopsy units. Nosrati R, et al., Medical Physics, 2021;48(3):1299-1306. |
| Choice A: | Pre-fire Target position, length of the needle’s trough (aperture), post-fire target position |
| Choice B: | Pre-fire target position, pre-fire position of the needle’s tip, post-fire position of the needle’s tip |
| Choice C: | Pre-fire target position, center of the needle’s trough (aperture), post-fire position of the needle’s tip |
| Choice D: | Center of the needle’s trough (aperture), pre-fire position of the needle’s tip, post-fire position of the needle’s tip |
| Question 6: Compared to mammography and tomosynthesis, in state-of-the-art breast CT, |
| Reference: | Chen, Lin et al. “Anatomical complexity in breast parenchyma and its implications for optimal breast imaging strategies.” Medical physics, 2012. |
| Choice A: | scan time is shorter. |
| Choice B: | breast undergoes similar compression. |
| Choice C: | the coverage of posterior breast anatomy is consistently better. |
| Choice D: | the anatomical noise is reduced. |
| Question 7: The current image acquisition geometries of breast CT are based on |
| Reference: | Kalender WA, et al. “High-resolution spiral CT of the breast at very low dose: concept and feasibility considerations.” Eur Radiol. 2012. |
| Choice A: | parallel-beam and cone-beam CT. |
| Choice B: | fan-beam and helical CT. |
| Choice C: | helical and cone-beam CT. |
| Choice D: | inverse geometry and helical CT. |
| Question 8: In breast CT systems covered in this talk, radiation dose to breast |
| Reference: | Boone, John, et al. “Technique factors and their relationship to radiation dose in pendant geometry breast CT.” Medical physics, 2005. |
| Choice A: | is consistently higher than that in mammography and tomosynthesis. |
| Choice B: | depends on breast size and density. |
| Choice C: | does not impact the visibility of microcalcifications. |
| Choice D: | can be accurately determined by using CTDI phantoms. |
| Question 9: Which one of the below statements about anatomic noise in mammographic images is correct? |
| Reference: | Burgess A. Mammographic structure: data preparation and spatial statistics analysis: SPIE; 1999. |
| Choice A: | It describes the overall noise level of a mammographic image. |
| Choice B: | Its magnitude is directly affected by the radiation level used. |
| Choice C: | It describes the statistical fluctuation of breast tissue textures. |
| Choice D: | It is independent from glandular tissue density. |
| Question 10: Which one of the below statements about the exponent of anatomic noise power spectrum, ß, is correct? |
| Reference: | Burgess A. Mammographic structure: data preparation and spatial statistics analysis: SPIE; 1999. |
| Choice A: | It is determined within the spatial frequency range of (0, Nyquist). |
| Choice B: | It describes the linear relationship between noise power and spatial frequency. |
| Choice C: | Its typical value range for mammographic image is (0,10). |
| Choice D: | Its typical average value is 3 for 2D mammographic images. |
