| Question 1: “Immunosurveillance” includes the process of: |
| Reference: | Mittal et al., 2014. New insights into cancer immunoediting and its three component phases-elimination, equilibrium and escape. Current Opinion in Immunology. 27: 16-25. |
| Choice A: | Increasing blood pressure. |
| Choice B: | Conducting nerve impulses. |
| Choice C: | Keratinization. |
| Choice D: | Immune equilibrium. |
| Question 2: Which cell is NOT considered to be part of the adaptive immune system?
|
| Reference: | https://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/immune-response-features
|
| Choice A: | CD4+ T lymphocyte. |
| Choice B: | CD8+ T lymphocyte. |
| Choice C: | Macrophage. |
| Choice D: | Plasma cell. |
| Question 3: CD8 + T cells are important for:
|
| Reference: | Chen and Mellman, 2013. Oncology meets Immunology: The cancer-immunity cycle. Immunity, 39: 1-10.
|
| Choice A: | Direct killing of tumor cells. |
| Choice B: | Helping B cells produce antibody. |
| Choice C: | Are part of the innate immune system. |
| Choice D: | Making antibodies. |
| Question 4: An example of an “immune checkpoint” which is being targeted by therapeutic antibodies is:
|
| Reference: | Topalian et al., 2015. Immunotherapy: The path to win the war on cancer? Cell. 161: 185-186
https://www.cancer.gov/news-events/cancer-currents-blog/2015/gulley-checkpoint.
|
| Choice A: | Major Histocompatibility Complex. |
| Choice B: | PD-1. |
| Choice C: | Transferrin receptor. |
| Choice D: | Glucose transporter. |
| Question 5: An example of a condition which does NOT cause immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment is: |
| Reference: | Gajewski, 2015. Next hurdle in cancer immunotherapy: Overcoming non-T- cell-inflamed tumor microenvironment, Seminars in Oncology. 42: 663-671. |
| Choice A: | Low pH. |
| Choice B: | Hypoxia. |
| Choice C: | Anti-PD-1. |
| Choice D: | PD-1. |
| Question 6: Radiation is thought to enhance anti-tumor immunity through which mechanism: |
| Reference: | Demaria et al., 2016. Radiotherapy: Changing the Game in Immunotherapy. Trends in Cancer. 2: 286-294
Salama et al., 2016. Irradiation and Immunotherapy: From Concept to the Clinic. Cancer. 122: 1659-1671.
|
| Choice A: | Enhanced antigen uptake by dendritic cells. |
| Choice B: | Decreased proton transport by mitochondria. |
| Choice C: | Destruction of draining lymph nodes. |
| Choice D: | Enhanced expression of Glucose transporters on tumor cells. |
