| Question 1: Which of the following material properties cannot be calculated from dual energy CT? |
| Reference: | M. Yang et al. Theoretical variance analysis of single- and dual energy computed
tomography methods for calculating proton stopping power ratios of biological tissues. Phys. Med. Biol. 55 (2010) 1343–1362. DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/55/5/006 |
| Choice A: | Effective atomic number |
| Choice B: | Relative electron density |
| Choice C: | Viscosity |
| Choice D: | Mean Ionization potential |
| Question 2: Which of the following is not a major source of error in deriving proton SPR with dual
energy CT? |
| Reference: | Lalonde et al. Influence of Intravenous Contrast Agent on Dose Calculation in Proton
Therapy Using Dual Energy CT. Phys Med Biol (2019) Jun 21;64(12):125024 DOI: 10.1088/1361-
6560/ab1e9d |
| Choice A: | Spatial mismatch between the two image sets |
| Choice B: | Metal induced image artifacts |
| Choice C: | CT number clipping |
| Choice D: | Presence of iodinated contrast agents |
| Question 3: What is the validated accuracy of DECT calculated proton SPR accuracy of animal tissues when aggregated across different tissue types? |
| Reference: | Taasti et al. Validation of proton stopping power ratio estimation based
on dual energy CT using fresh tissue samples. Phys. Med. Biol. (2018) 63 015012 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa952f
Xie et al. Ex vivo validation of a stoichiometric dual energy CT proton stopping power ratio calibration. Phys. Med. Biol. 63 (2018) 055016 (12pp). DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aaae91 |
| Choice A: | 0.1% |
| Choice B: | 0.2% |
| Choice C: | 0.5 to 1.5% |
| Choice D: | 3 to 4% |
| Question 4: Which of the following is not a current application of dual energy in radiation therapy? |
| Reference: | W. van Elmpt et al. Radiother Oncol. 119(1) 137-44 (2016). DOI:
10.1016/j.radonc.2016.02.026
T. Magome et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 96(3): 679-687 (2016). DOI:
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ijrobp.2016.06.2459
L. D. Di Maso et al. J Appl Clin Med Phys. 19(5): 676-683 (2018). DOI: 10.1002/acm2.12435 |
| Choice A: | Visualization of bone marrow via virtual calcium removal |
| Choice B: | Enhancement of tumor visibility via iodine uptake |
| Choice C: | Visualization of tissue metabolic activity via glucose uptake |
| Choice D: | Improvement of dose calculation accuracy with effective atomic number
information |
| Question 5: Dual Energy CT can add in tumor characterization through the following methods? |
| Reference: | Forghani et al. European Radiology. 29 6172-6181 (2019). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-019-06159-y
Forghani et al. Comput Assist Tomogr. 40(5): 806–814 2016. DOI: 10.1097/RCT.0000000000000442 |
| Choice A: | Quantifying statistical differences in spectral curves |
| Choice B: | Providing an image-based Gleason score in the absence of biopsy |
| Choice C: | Modeling changes in extracted texture maps for different image data sets |
| Choice D: | Both a and c |
| Question 6: DECT can provide functional liver tissue information by which of the following: |
| Reference: | S Ohira et al., Radiotherapy and Oncology. 145 56-62 (2020). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2019.12.002 |
| Choice A: | Providing virtual non-calcium images to better identify underlying liver tissue |
| Choice B: | Highlighting non-fibrotic liver tissue via delayed phase iodine maps |
| Choice C: | Demonstrating areas of highly ventilating liver through xenon gas material
decomposition |
| Choice D: | Segmentation of the whole liver with 120 kVp-equivalent images |
