| Question 1: Which of the following statements is accurate about SAGE EPI? |
| Reference: | Skinner JT, Robison RK, Elder CP, et al. Evaluation of a multiple spin- and gradient-echo (SAGE) EPI acquisition with SENSE acceleration: Applications for perfusion imaging in and outside the brain. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014;32(10):1171–1180. |
| Choice A: | SAGE EPI can be used to quantify either R2 or R2* measures along with R1 measures but not both R2 and R2* combined |
| Choice B: | Vessel size index measures can be assessed due to the simultaneous acquisition of gradient and spin echo signals from the SAGE pulse sequence |
| Choice C: | SAGE EPI can never match the TR of a single echo single shot EPI sequence due to acquiring more echoes |
| Choice D: | Ktrans and ve cannot be measured from SAGE EPI |
| Question 2: In JVC-GRAPPA, if a 16 channel coil is used to acquire 5 echoes, than how many effective coil channels are available during the joint reconstruction framework? |
| Reference: | Bilgic B, Kim TH, Liao C, et al. Improving parallel imaging by jointly reconstructing multi‐contrast data. Magn Reson Med 2018;80(2):619–632. |
| Choice A: | 160 |
| Choice B: | 80 |
| Choice C: | 16 |
| Choice D: | 5 |
| Question 3: Multi-band (MB) / Simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) when used for SAGE EPI |
| Reference: | Setsompop K, Gagoski BA, Polimeni JR, Witzel T, Wedeen VJ, Wald LL. Blipped-controlled aliasing in parallel imaging for simultaneous multislice echo planar imaging with reduced g-factor penalty. Magn Reson Med 2011;67(5):1210-1224. |
| Choice A: | Will double the g-factor noise for MB/SMS factor of 2 when used in conjunction with parallel imaging strategies |
| Choice B: | Can improve the spatial coverage only |
| Choice C: | Can increase temporal resolution only |
| Choice D: | Can provide unaliased images in the rough plane direction when the simultaneously acquired slices are spaced far enough apart |
| Question 4: Why do we need high temporal resolution in DCE-MRI? |
| Reference: | Feng L, Grimm R, Block KT, et al. Golden‐angle radial sparse parallel MRI: combination of compressed sensing, parallel imaging, and golden‐angle radial sampling for fast and flexible dynamic volumetric MRI. Magn Reson Med, 2014;72(3):707-717. |
| Choice A: | To better capture dynamic characteristics of arterial input function |
| Choice B: | To better locate aorta |
| Choice C: | To improve image quality |
| Choice D: | To increase spatial resolution |
| Question 5: Which one of these is NOT true for golden angle dynamic radial stack of stars imaging? |
| Reference: | Block KT, Chandarana H, Milla S, et al. Towards routine clinical use of radial stack-of-stars 3D gradient-echo sequences for reducing motion sensitivity. J Korean Society Magn Reson Med 2014;18(2):87-106. |
| Choice A: | More robust to motion |
| Choice B: | More robust to inhomogeneities |
| Choice C: | Can provide trade-off between spatial and temporal resolution |
| Choice D: | Undersampled acquisition results in streaking artifacts |
| Question 6: What are the advantages of compressed sensing reconstruction of golden angle dynamic radial stack of stars imaging? |
| Reference: | Coll‐Font J, Afacan O, Chow JS, et al. Bulk motion‐compensated DCE‐MRI for functional imaging of kidneys in newborns. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020;52(1):207-216. |
| Choice A: | Reduces streaking artifacts improving image quality |
| Choice B: | Achieves both accurate arterial input function and good image quality at the same time |
| Choice C: | Enables motion-robust free-breathing imaging |
| Choice D: | All of the above |
