| Question 1: 68Ga PET used as an imaging surrogate for therapies such as 177Lu peptide receptor radionuclide therapy is not typically used for predictive dosimetry because |
| Reference: | Eberlein U, Cremonesi M, Lassmann M. Individualized Dosimetry for Theranostics: Necessary, Nice to Have, or Counterproductive? J Nucl Med. 2017 Sep;58(Suppl 2):97S-103S. |
| Choice A: | Ga-68 has a long half-life |
| Choice B: | of the superior spatial resolution and sensitivity of PET compared with SPECT |
| Choice C: | Ga-68 has a half-life of only 68 minutes |
| Choice D: | Ga-68 is a non-pure positron emitter |
| Question 2: Partial volume correction to compensate for SPECT and PET resolution effects is especially important: |
| Reference: | Dewaraja YK, Frey EC, Sgouros G, Brill AB, Roberson P, Zanzonico PB, Ljungberg M. MIRD pamphlet No. 23: quantitative SPECT for patient-specific 3-dimensional dosimetry in internal radionuclide therapy. J Nucl Med. 2012 Aug;53(8):1310-25 |
| Choice A: | when performing dosimetry of large organs such as the liver |
| Choice B: | for beta emitters |
| Choice C: | for dosimetry performed after a therapy cycle |
| Choice D: | when performing tumor dosimetry |
| Question 3: How many scientific and technical publications the IAEA has produced |
| Reference: | https://www.iaea.org/publications#:~:text=The%20IAEA%20is%20a%20leading,conference%20proceedings%20and%20scientific%20reports. |
| Choice A: | 500 |
| Choice B: | 5000 |
| Choice C: | 7000 |
| Choice D: | more than 9000 |
| Question 4: What is the IAEA’s primary mechanism for transferring nuclear technology to Member States |
| Reference: | https://www.iaea.org/services/technical-cooperation-programme |
| Choice A: | Technical corporation programmes |
| Choice B: | Scientific publications |
| Choice C: | Software |
| Choice D: | Guidelines |
| Question 5: Which absorbed-dose metric is considered the most relevant to understand the relationship between absorbed dose and deterministic tissue effects? |
| Reference: | Dosimetry for Radiopharmaceutical Therapy, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria).
Sgouros G, Bolch WE, Chiti A, et al. ICRU REPORT 96, Dosimetry-Guided Radiopharmaceutical Therapy. Journal of the ICRU. 2021;21(1):1-212. |
| Choice A: | The mean absorbed dose to the whole body |
| Choice B: | The absorbed dose to the tissue or organ that is responsible for the biological effect |
| Choice C: | The administered activity combined with literature data on absorbed dose per activity from previous patient cohorts |
| Choice D: | The effective dose, as previously reported for the radiopharmaceutical |
| Question 6: Which components of SPECT-based dosimetry of, for example, the kidneys in 177Lu DOTA-TATE therapy with imaging at three time points, are considered to contribute with the largest source of uncertainty? |
| Reference: | Gear JI, Cox MG, Gustafsson J, Gleisner KS, Murray I, Glatting G, Konijnenberg M, Flux GD. EANM practical guidance on uncertainty analysis for molecular radiotherapy absorbed dose calculations. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2018;45(13)
Dosimetry for Radiopharmaceutical Therapy, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria). |
| Choice A: | Limited spatial resolution of SPECT and delineation of organ VOIs, affecting VOI counts and the estimated volume |
| Choice B: | Limited count rate and image noise, affecting the VOI counts |
| Choice C: | Radionuclide data and S-values, affecting the absorbed-dose calculation |
| Choice D: | Background and overlap correction, affecting the VOI counts for the organ |
