| Question 1: According to the recommendations in the AAPM Task Group 76 report, at what minimum magnitude of tumor motion should respiratory motion management techniques be employed or considered if available? |
| Reference: | Keall P, Mageras G, Balter J, Emery R, Forster K, Jiang S, Kapatoes J, Low D, Murphy M, Murray B, Ramsey C, Van Herk M, Vedam S, Wong J, Yorke E. The management of respiratory motion in radiation oncology report of AAPM Task Group 76. Medical Physics 33(10): 3874-3900. 2006. |
| Choice A: | 3 mm |
| Choice B: | 5 mm |
| Choice C: | 10 mm |
| Choice D: | 15 mm |
| Question 2: The target volume which includes the clinical target volume and the margin for respiratory motion as well as variations in site, size, and shape of the target or adjacent organs, as defined by the ICRU, is the ____. |
| Reference: | ICRU Report 62: Prescribing, Recording and Reporting Photon Beam Therapy (Supplement to ICRU Report 50). International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements. 1999. |
| Choice A: | Gross tumor volume |
| Choice B: | Predicted target volume |
| Choice C: | Internal target volume |
| Choice D: | Planning risk volume |
| Question 3: What is the purpose of respiratory motion management in radiation therapy? |
| Reference: | Keall P, Mageras G, Balter J, Emery R, Forster K, Jiang S, Kapatoes J, Low D, Murphy M, Murray B, Ramsey C, Van Herk M, Vedam S, Wong J, Yorke E. The management of respiratory motion in radiation oncology report of AAPM Task Group 76. Medical Physics 33(10): 3874-3900. 2006. |
| Choice A: | Reduce dose to normal tissues |
| Choice B: | Reduce target margins |
| Choice C: | Modify the relative location of targets and organs at risk |
| Choice D: | All of the above |
| Question 4: Which of the following techniques can be used to quantify the full range of target motion at simulation? |
| Reference: | Keall P, Mageras G, Balter J, Emery R, Forster K, Jiang S, Kapatoes J, Low D, Murphy M, Murray B, Ramsey C, Van Herk M, Vedam S, Wong J, Yorke E. The management of respiratory motion in radiation oncology report of AAPM Task Group 76. Medical Physics 33(10): 3874-3900. 2006. |
| Choice A: | Slow CT |
| Choice B: | Inhalation and exhalation breath-hold CT |
| Choice C: | Four-dimensional CT |
| Choice D: | All of the above |
| Question 5: A 4DCT can be used to generate a(n) _____ , which can be used to obtain the full tumor-motion-encompassing target volume. |
| Reference: | Keall P, Mageras G, Balter J, Emery R, Forster K, Jiang S, Kapatoes J, Low D, Murphy M, Murray B, Ramsey C, Van Herk M, Vedam S, Wong J, Yorke E. The management of respiratory motion in radiation oncology report of AAPM Task Group 76. Medical Physics 33(10): 3874-3900. 2006. |
| Choice A: | Average intensity projection |
| Choice B: | Maximum intensity projection |
| Choice C: | Medium intensity projection |
| Choice D: | Digitally reconstructed radiograph |
| Question 6: Infrared marker tracking systems ____. |
| Reference: | Willoughby T, Lehmann J, Bencomo J, Jani S, Santanam L, Sethi A, Solberg T, Tome W, Waldron T. Quality assurance for nonradiographic radiotherapy localization and positioning systems: Report of Task Group 147. Medical Physics 39(4): 1728-1747. 2012. |
| Choice A: | Require minimal equipment and update rapidly |
| Choice B: | Do not require devices to be placed on the patient |
| Choice C: | Allow direct correlation with internal motion |
| Choice D: | Can operate without direct line of sight between the camera and reflector |
| Question 7: Surface guided radiotherapy systems can be used to collect a respiratory breathing trace for the purpose of sorting 4DCT datasets. |
| Reference: | Al-Hallaq H, Cervino L, Gutierrez A, Havnen-Smith A, Higgins S, Kugele M, Padilla L, Pawlicki T, Remmes N, Smith K, Tang X, Tome W. AAPM task group report 302: Surface-guided radiotherapy. Medical Physics. 2022. |
| Choice A: | True |
| Choice B: | False |
| Question 8: Optical surface guidance systems operate based on the principles of ____. |
| Reference: | Willoughby T, Lehmann J, Bencomo J, Jani S, Santanam L, Sethi A, Solberg T, Tome W, Waldron T. Quality assurance for nonradiographic radiotherapy localization and positioning systems: Report of Task Group 147. Medical Physics 39(4): 1728-1747. 2012. |
| Choice A: | Stereoscopic imaging |
| Choice B: | Monoscopic imaging |
| Choice C: | Fluoroscopic imaging |
| Choice D: | Both A and B |
| Question 9: A disadvantage of radiofrequency tracking systems is ____. |
| Reference: | Willoughby T, Lehmann J, Bencomo J, Jani S, Santanam L, Sethi A, Solberg T, Tome W, Waldron T. Quality assurance for nonradiographic radiotherapy localization and positioning systems: Report of Task Group 147. Medical Physics 39(4): 1728-1747. 2012. |
| Choice A: | their small working volume due to weak magnetic field |
| Choice B: | the difficulty in placing the devices near the target |
| Choice C: | their high latency |
| Choice D: | the limitation to only receive signals from one transponder at a time |
| Question 10: Compared to couch and robotic tracking systems, MLC tracking systems could allow for adaptation to differential motion of multiple targets for a single isocenter field. |
| Reference: | Keall P, Sawant A, Berbeco R, Booth J, Cho B, Cervino L, Cirino E, Dieterich S, Fast M, Greer P, Rosenschold PM, Parikh P, Poulsen PR, Santanam L, Sherouse G, Shi J, Stathakis S. AAPM Task Group 264: The safe clinical implementation of MLC tracking in radiotherapy. |
| Choice A: | True |
| Choice B: | False |
