| Question 1: Artificial intelligence (AI) generally includes which of the following: |
| Reference: | Thrall JH, Li X, Li Q, Cruz C, Do S, Dreyer K, Brink J. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Radiology: Opportunities, Challenges, Pitfalls, and Criteria for Success. J Am Coll Radiol. 2018 Mar;15(3 Pt B):504-508. doi: 10.1016/j.jacr.2017.12.026. Epub 2018 Feb 4. |
| Choice A: | Machine learning |
| Choice B: | Computer vision |
| Choice C: | Natural language processing |
| Choice D: | Expert systems |
| Choice E: | All of above |
| Question 2: What is NOT a potential application of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical physics? |
| Reference: | Xing L, Krupinski EA, Cai J. Artificial intelligence will soon change the landscape of medical physics research and practice. Med Phys. 2018 Feb 24. doi: 10.1002/mp.12831 |
| Choice A: | TG-51 measurement. |
| Choice B: | Image reconstruction and processing. |
| Choice C: | Automated treatment planning. |
| Choice D: | Therapeutic outcome decision-making and prediction. |
| Choice E: | All of above. |
| Question 3: A fundamental role of the medical physicist is team member. Who is unlikely to be encountered in such a team? |
| Reference: | J. Malicki, “Medical physics in radiotherapy: the importance of preserving clinical responsibilities and expanding the profession’s role in research, education, and quality control”, Rep. Pract. Oncol. Radiother. 20, 161-169 (2015). |
| Choice A: | Physicians & nurses. |
| Choice B: | Engineers & other medical physicists. |
| Choice C: | Catering & Dieticians. |
| Choice D: | Patients & families. |
| Question 4: A key role of the medical physicist is education and training, not only of junior level and medical physicists in training, but also of other healthcare professionals including residents and fellows. AI can do all except which of the following? |
| Reference: | American Association of Physicists in Medicine. Medical physicist: what do medical physicists do? https://www.aapm.org/medical_physicist/. Last accessed December 28, 2017. |
| Choice A: | Develop and provide training tools. |
| Choice B: | Sit down with a trainee & explain subtle concepts and the “art” of medical physics and provide mentorship. |
| Choice C: | Provide protocols that are patient specific based on prior data. |
| Choice D: | Assist with treatment planning. |
| Question 5: Which standard was developed by medical physicists that require fundamental research, integration of concepts and principles across multiple areas including an understanding of human physiology? |
| Reference: | P.G.J. Barten, Contrast sensitivity of the human on and its impact on image quality. (SPIE Press, Bellingham, WA, 1999). |
| Choice A: | Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) Grayscale Standard Display Function (GSDF). |
| Choice B: | HL7. |
| Choice C: | FHIR. |
| Choice D: | CAMPEP. |
| Question 6: What does Boden note as the two major bottlenecks to AI creativity? |
| Reference: | M.A. Boden, “Creativity and artificial intelligence”, Artificial Intelligence. 103, 347-356 (1998). |
| Choice A: | Lack of funding & funder interest. |
| Choice B: | Slow computers & limited storage. |
| Choice C: | Techniques that are too complex & not generalizable. |
| Choice D: | Domain expertise &valuation of results. |
