| Question 1: What is the name of the process in which HU values for inorganic samples are used to parameterize a CT scanner, and that parameterization is used to develop a calibration of HU to relative stopping power for theoretical tissues? |
| Reference: | Source: “The calibration of CT Hounsfield units for radiotherapy treatment planning” by Schneider, PMB 41(1) 1996 |
| Choice A: | Indirect Calibration. |
| Choice B: | Stoichiometric Calibration. |
| Choice C: | Robust Calibration. |
| Choice D: | Rayleigh Calibration. |
| Question 2: Which of the following physical properties of a material is used in the Bethe-Bloch equation for calculating stopping power? |
| Reference: | “The calibration of CT Hounsfield units for radiotherapy treatment planning” by Schneider, PMB 41(1) 1996 |
| Choice A: | Ionization potential. |
| Choice B: | Inductance. |
| Choice C: | Permittivity. |
| Choice D: | Atomic number. |
| Question 3: What are the methods for correcting CBCT Image Quality? |
| Reference: | Kurz, C. , Kamp, F. , Park, Y. , et al (2016), Investigating deformable image registration and scatter correction for CBCT‐based dose calculation in adaptive IMPT. Med. Phys., 43: 5635-5646. doi:10.1118/1.4962933 |
| Choice A: | A priori Model based. |
| Choice B: | HLUT. |
| Choice C: | Deformed CT. |
| Choice D: | All of the above. |
| Question 4: The most common imaging technique used for positioning patients undergoing proton therapy is: |
| Reference: | MacKay R.I., (2018) Image Guidance for Proton Therapy, Clinical Oncology, Volume 30, Issue 5, 293-298, ISSN 0936-6555, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clon.2018.02.004. |
| Choice A: | CT in the room. |
| Choice B: | Surface Imaging. |
| Choice C: | 2D X-Ray imaging. |
| Choice D: | CBCT. |
| Question 5: Uncertainties in the exact location of the distal range of the proton beam arise from: |
| Reference: | Paganetti, H, Range uncertainties in proton therapy and the role of Monte Carlo simulations, Phys. Med. Biol. 57 (2012) R99-R117. |
| Choice A: | Patient setup. |
| Choice B: | Inhomogeneity of patient tissues. |
| Choice C: | CT calibration techniques. |
| Choice D: | Beam commissioning uncertainties. |
| Choice E: | All of the above. |
| Question 6: Which is not a method of in vivo range verification for proton therapy: |
| Reference: | Knopf and Lomax, In vivo proton range verification: a review, Phys, Med. Biol. 58 (2013) R131-R160. |
| Choice A: | Proton Radiography. |
| Choice B: | Prompt gamma imaging. |
| Choice C: | Post treatment MRI. |
| Choice D: | Optical tomography. |
| Choice E: | Online PET imaging. |
