| Question 1: Which of the following methods can be used to validate the accuracy of automatic contour segmentation: |
| Reference: | Sharp et al.: Perspectives on automated image segmentation for radiotherapy, Medical Physics, Vol. 41, No. 5, May 2014 |
| Choice A: | Moment method |
| Choice B: | Dice similarity coefficient |
| Choice C: | Maximum distance |
| Choice D: | All of the above |
| Question 2: Which of the following methods performs the best for automatic segmentation of contours for cervical cancer radiotherapy treatment: |
| Reference: | S. Ghose et al. A review of segmentation and deformable registration methods applied to adaptive cervical cancer radiation therapy treatment planning. Artificial Intelligence in Medicine 64 (2015) 75–87 |
| Choice A: | Landmark based registration |
| Choice B: | B-spline registration |
| Choice C: | B-spline registration with shape priors |
| Choice D: | Rigid registration |
| Question 3: Which of the following statements about optical flow based registration is correct: |
| Reference: | Brock et al. Use of image registration and fusion algorithms and techniques in radiotherapy: Report of the AAPM Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group No. 132. Med. Phys. 44 (7), July 2017 |
| Choice A: | It only allows translation in 3 directions |
| Choice B: | The deformation is local |
| Choice C: | The deformation is global |
| Choice D: | It only allows translation and rotations |
| Question 4: One of the most effective methods of catching high severity errors that may reach the radiotherapy treatment unit is: |
| Reference: | Ford EC, Terezakis S, Souranis A, Harris K, Gay H, Mutic S. Quality control quantification (QCQ): a tool to measure the value of quality control checks in radiation oncology. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012;84(3):e263–e269 |
| Choice A: | IMRT QA |
| Choice B: | Timeout by the therapist |
| Choice C: | Physics chart review |
| Choice D: | Chart rounds |
| Question 5: According to the hierarchy of effectiveness, the most effective method of reducing errors involves: |
| Reference: | ASTRO. (2012). Safety is No Accident: A Framework for Quality Radiation Oncology and Care. Fairfax: ASTRO. |
| Choice A: | Periodic retreating of staff members on relevant policies and procedures |
| Choice B: | Implementing checklists and time-outs |
| Choice C: | Improvements and updates to policies and procedure documents |
| Choice D: | Hardwiring systems for success using automation and forced functions |
| Question 6: In order to get a new virtual QA model trained, how many plans needed for the training? |
| Reference: | Valdes G, Scheuermann R, Hung CY, Olszanski A, Bellerive M, Solberg TD., “A mathematical framework for Virtual IMRT QA using machine learning,” Med Phys. 2016 Jul;43(7):4323. doi:10.1118/1.4953835. |
| Choice A: | 50 |
| Choice B: | 100 |
| Choice C: | 200 |
| Choice D: | 400 |
