| Question 1: Studies on cumulative doses in imaging studies have led to (identify incorrect) |
| Reference: | Rehani MM, Brady Z. Contemporary issues in radiation protection in medical imaging: introductory editorial. Br J Radiol. 2021;94(1126):bjr20219004. doi:10.1259/bjr.20219004 |
| Choice A: | Identification of millions of patients who are getting exposed to >100 mSv in defined time frame |
| Choice B: | Cause analysis for high doses |
| Choice C: | Recommendation on dose optimization |
| Choice D: | Recommendation to use a defined value of cumulative dose to stop the needed examination |
| Question 2: Mark the correct response |
| Reference: | • Commentary No. 27 – Implications of Recent Epidemiologic Studies for the Linear-Nonthreshold Model and Radiation Protection (2018)
• Rühm W, Laurier D, Wakeford R. Cancer risk following low doses of ionising radiation - Current epidemiological evidence and implications for radiological protection. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2022;873:503436. doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503436 |
| Choice A: | Radiation effects are not cumulative |
| Choice B: | As per NCRP, there is evidence of radiation effects at cumulative doses <100 mGy |
| Choice C: | There is no evidence of radiation effects below 100 mGy and it is only extrapolation of data at high doses |
| Question 3: Cumulative dose data has been available via thousands of “dose management systems” installed in US and Europe for many years, without any evidence suggesting information on cumulative doses prevents necessary clinical imaging. |
| Reference: | • Brower C, Rehani MM. Radiation risk issues in recurrent imaging. Br J Radiol. 2021;94(1126):20210389. doi:10.1259/bjr.20210389
• Rehani MM, Brady Z. Contemporary issues in radiation protection in medical imaging: introductory editorial. Br J Radiol. 2021;94(1126):bjr20219004. doi:10.1259/bjr.20219004 |
| Choice A: | True |
| Choice B: | False |
| Question 4: According to the AAPM/ACR/HPS Joint Statement on Proper use of Radiation Dose Metric Tracking for Patients Undergoing Medical Imaging Exams, what is an appropriate way to protect patients from unnecessary medical radiation exposure? |
| Reference: | AAPM Position Statement PP 35-A. AAPM/ACR/HPS Joint Statement on Proper use of Radiation Dose Metric Tracking for Patients Undergoing Medical Imaging Exams (2021). https://www.aapm.org/org/policies/details.asp?id=1533 |
| Choice A: | Ensure patients do not have more than 10 CT exams per year |
| Choice B: | Optimize imaging techniques and protocols for each exam |
| Choice C: | Establish a radiation dose limit for patients |
| Choice D: | Keep the total stochastic risk from all previous exams below 1% |
| Question 5: According to the AAPM/ACR/HPS Joint Statement on Proper use of Radiation Dose Metric Tracking for Patients Undergoing Medical Imaging Exams, when is it appropriate to use a patient’s cumulative dose information to help guide clinical care? |
| Reference: | AAPM Position Statement PP 35-A. AAPM/ACR/HPS Joint Statement on Proper use of Radiation Dose Metric Tracking for Patients Undergoing Medical Imaging Exams (2021). https://www.aapm.org/org/policies/details.asp?id=1533 |
| Choice A: | Determining the risk of skin injury from fluoroscopy exams |
| Choice B: | Calculating the risk of cardiac injury from CT exams |
| Choice C: | Estimating the hereditary risk from gonadal exposures |
| Choice D: | Deciding whether to use MRI versus CT |
| Question 6: According to the AAPM/ACR/HPS Joint Statement on Proper use of Radiation Dose Metric Tracking for Patients Undergoing Medical Imaging Exams, what is an appropriate use of software used to monitor dose metrics? |
| Reference: | AAPM Position Statement PP 35-A. Proper use of Radiation Dose Metric Tracking for Patients Undergoing Medical Imaging Exams: Frequently Asked Questions (2021). https://www.aapm.org/org/policies/documents/EffectiveDose_FAQ.pdf |
| Choice A: | Setting radiation dose limits for patients |
| Choice B: | Determining which patients should be imaged using non-ionizing radiation |
| Choice C: | Calculating a patient’s risk of developing cancer from imaging exams |
| Choice D: | Identifying exam protocols that may benefit from further optimization |
