| Question 1: Which of the following factors can affect shear wave elastography results? |
| Reference: | Tang, An, Guy Cloutier, Nikolaus M. Szeverenyi, and Claude B. Sirlin. "Ultrasound elastography and MR elastography for assessing liver fibrosis: part 2, diagnostic performance, confounders, and future directions." AJR. American journal of roentgenology 205, no. 1 (2015): 33. |
| Choice A: | excessive transducer pressure |
| Choice B: | differences in shear wave frequency |
| Choice C: | inflammation |
| Choice D: | all of the above |
| Question 2: Which of the following is NOT a method for interpretation of strain elastograms of breast lesions: |
| Reference: | Barr, Richard Gary. "Future of breast elastography." Ultrasonography 38, no. 2 (2019): 93. |
| Choice A: | Strain ratio |
| Choice B: | Elastogram to B-mode length ratio (E/B ratio) |
| Choice C: | Shear wave speed ratio |
| Choice D: | 5-point color (Itoh) scale |
| Question 3: Current clinical ultrasound systems use which form of excitation to generate shear waves in vivo? |
| Reference: | Shiina, Tsuyoshi, Kathryn R. Nightingale, Mark L. Palmeri, Timothy J. Hall, Jeffrey C. Bamber, Richard G. Barr, Laurent Castera et al. "WFUMB guidelines and recommendations for clinical use of ultrasound elastography: Part 1: basic principles and terminology." Ultrasound in medicine & biology 41, no. 5 (2015): 1126-1147. |
| Choice A: | acoustic radiation force impulses |
| Choice B: | controlled external vibration sources |
| Choice C: | manual percussion |
| Choice D: | a and b |
| Choice E: | b and c |
| Question 4: Which of the following is the main factor limiting the use of strain elastography to perform a quantitative evaluation of cervical stiffness during pregnancy? |
| Reference: | Feltovich H, Carlson L. New techniques in evaluation of the cervix. In Seminars in perinatology 2017 Dec 1 (Vol. 41, No. 8, pp. 477-484). WB Saunders. |
| Choice A: | The lack of a reference tissue/material to which cervical stiffness can be compared |
| Choice B: | The lack of knowledge of the spatial distribution of the stress field |
| Choice C: | The lack of standardization in the application of the stress |
| Choice D: | The inability to compute lateral and axial strains |
| Choice E: | The difficulty to track motion in a sector scan geometry common to transvaginal probes |
| Question 5: True/False - According to the World Federation of Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, more preclinical studies investigating the impact of acoustic radiation forces on the fetus are needed to assess the extended application of the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle in the context of imaging techniques using acoustic radiation forces, like SWEI. |
| Reference: | Shiina T, Nightingale KR, Palmeri ML, Hall TJ, Bamber JC, Barr RG, Castera L, Choi BI, Chou YH, Cosgrove D, Dietrich CF. WFUMB guidelines and recommendations for clinical use of ultrasound elastography: Part 1: basic principles and terminology. Ultrasound in medicine & biology. 2015 May 1;41(5):1126-47. |
| Choice A: | True |
| Choice B: | False |
| Question 6: Which of the following statements regarding 2D ultrasound liver SWE is NOT correct? |
| Reference: | Dietrich CF et al. EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations on the Clinical Use of Liver Ultrasound Elastography, Update 2017 (Long Version). Ultraschall Med. 2017;38(4):e16-e47. |
| Choice A: | Currently most commercial ultrasound scanners offer a quality indicator and/or confidence map for 2D liver SWE |
| Choice B: | Adequate grayscale imaging is important in order to obtain 2D SWE with good quality |
| Choice C: | Interquartile range over median <=30% in shear wave speed has been used as a reliability criterion between measurements within an exam |
| Choice D: | Cut-off values have typically been defined in a single population using receiver operating characteristic curves to maximize sensitivity and specificity, and have not been applied to a validation cohort. |
