| Question 1: Which of the following is true for respiratory gating in cardiac radioabaltion? |
| Reference: | Prusator, M., Samson, p.,Cammin, J., Goddu, S.,Moore, K., & Hugo, G. (2021). Evaluation of
Motion Compensation Methods for Noninvasive Cardiac Radioablation of Ventricular
Tachycardia. International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology* Physics, 111(4), 1023-1032 |
| Choice A: | The ICD leads are the perfect surrogate for the target for all patients. |
| Choice B: | A breathehold will freeze target motion and there is no need to account for target
motion |
| Choice C: | The diaphragm can be used as another perfect surrogate for the target for all
patients |
| Choice D: | Cardiac and respiratory motion are complex and should both be assessed on a
patient-by-patient basis before considering gating based on a surrogate as the correlation to target motion varies significantly between patients, surrogates, and motion type. |
| Question 2: The biggest improvement in the sparing of Heart – ITV was achieved by? |
| Reference: | Knutson, N, Samson, P., Hugo, G., Hilliard, J, Cuculich, P. & Robinson, C. (2019).Radiation
Therapy Workflow and Dosimetric Analysis from a Phase ½ Trial of Noninvasive Cardiac Radioablation for Ventricular Tachycardia. International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology* Physics, 104(5), 1114-1123. |
| Choice A: | Adding more Arcs |
| Choice B: | Using 18X |
| Choice C: | Machine Learning |
| Choice D: | Continual process review which identified early patients were not optimizing on the heart minus ptv, which lead to a process change of adding the heart minus ITV to the optimizer for all patients moving forward. |
| Question 3: Target definition for cardiac radioablation of ventricular tachycardia requires which of the following pieces of information? |
| Reference: | Suzanne Lydiard, P., Blanck, O., Hugo, G., O’Brien, R., & Keall, P. (2021). A review of cardiac radioablation (CR) for arrhythmias: procedures, technology, and future opportunities. International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology* Physics, 109(3), 783-800. |
| Choice A: | Anatomical scar imaging, electrophysiological information |
| Choice B: | Anatomical scar imaging, Metabolic imaging |
| Choice C: | Anatomical scar imaging, CT imaging |
| Choice D: | Metabolic imaging, electrophysiological |
| Question 4: Clinical data on cardiac radioablation for ventricular tachycardia has generally shown what patient outcomes? |
| Reference: | van der Ree, M. H., Blanck, O., Limpens, J., Lee, C. H., Balgobind, B. V., Dieleman, E. M., ... & Postema, P. G. (2020). Cardiac radioablation—A systematic review. Heart Rhythm, 17(8), 1381-1392. |
| Choice A: | Cessation of VT |
| Choice B: | Reduction in VT burden |
| Choice C: | Increased ICD shocks |
| Choice D: | Disruption of atrial fibrillation |
| Question 5: Which is NOT a challenge of target delineation for cardiac radioablation for a radiation oncologist? |
| Reference: | Brownstein K, Afzal M, Okabe T, Harfi TT, Tong MS, Thomas E, Hugo G, Cuculich, P, Robinson C, Williams TM. (2021) Method and atlas to enable targeting for cardiac radioablation employing the American Heart Association segmented model. IJROBP 111(1)178-185. |
| Choice A: | Visualization of the heart in different coordinate systems than electrophysiologists |
| Choice B: | Minimal experience with the granular details of cardiac substructures |
| Choice C: | Clearly delineated scar is always visible on CT simulation images* |
| Choice D: | Arbitrary boundaries between the AHA segments |
| Question 6: Which is NOT true regarding in treatment planning and delivery for cardiac radioablation? |
| Reference: | Suzanne Lydiard, P., Blanck, O., Hugo, G., O’Brien, R., & Keall, P. (2021). A review of cardiac radioablation (CR) for arrhythmias: procedures, technology, and future opportunities. International Journal of Radiation Oncology* Biology* Physics, 109(3), 783-800. |
| Choice A: | Proximity to adjacent organs at risk must be considered |
| Choice B: | Strategies to account for motion management must be considered |
| Choice C: | There are clear dose constraints for all intracardiac structures |
| Choice D: | The literature to date described many different types software/technology for cardiac radioablation treatment planning and delivery |
